Panorama of the Opening-Closing Tectonics Theory in China

The opening-closing tectonics theory, a theory about opening-closing tectonics, is a viewpoint regarding geotectonics suggested by a group of Chinese scientists. Opening and closing are two basic geological movements, which may result in a series of structures. The highest level of opening is the appearance of oceans and the highest level of closing is the consolidation of continents. Based on field investigations, the authors consider that identifying the marks of opening-closing tectonics is the basis of the issue and classifying the types of opening-closing tectonics is the key of the issue. This paper briefly discusses the substance and the future of the study on the opening-closing tecton cs in China. The authors hope to share relevant information with geoscientists in the world in this field.     

Chronological Link Between the Abrupt Change of the Loess Grain Size Sequence and the Formation of River Terraces on the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Since the Late Early-Pleistocene

Based on the study of magnetostratigraphy, magnetic susceptibility and grain size of Garzê A section on the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau since the late early-Pleistocene, the basal age of Garzê loess is located at ~1.16?MaBP and a series of abrupt paleoclimatic changes is detected. The times of abrupt changes are of distinct series features, and the interval between each two adjacent abrupt changes is ~50 kyr or ~100?kyr. The most significant abrupt changes occur at around 1.06, 0.85, 0.6, 0.46, 0.39 and 0.14?MaBP. There is a chronological link between the abrupt changes of paleoclimate and the formation of river terraces and it is almost simultaneous with a strengthening trend of neotectonic activities. Therefore, maybe the climatic transition controll the timing of terrace formation, and the tectonic uplift originate potential energy and has a direct effect on channel incision, both the climatic transition and the tectonic uplift are important. Terraces are the products of the interaction of instable climatic variations and tectonic uplift. Like the loess-paleosol sequences, river terrace sequences are also controlled by the climate-tectonic coupling system and are ruled by climate-tectonic gyration with a ~100?kyr paracycle, which may be the short eccentricity period of the earth.     

格仁错断裂现今地壳运动特征的InSAR监测与分析

基于干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）技术,获得格仁错断裂高空间分辨率的地壳形变速度场,并以此为约束,利用深浅部震间断层位错模型反演断层面上的滑移速率与闭锁深度。结果表明,格仁错断裂性质为右旋走滑,断层两侧存在差异运动,断层上的差异运动自西向东逐渐减弱;InSAR变形结果与GPS观测结果高度一致,远场LOS向最大形变差异达4 mm/a;研究区域内断层剖面分析结果显示,格仁错断层两侧地壳形变差异最大,是区域内控制长波长信号的主断层;格仁错断层面滑动分布不均匀,滑动速率约为2～6 mm/a,断裂西北段滑动速率小于东南段。闭锁程度较高的区域主要位于当惹雍错与孜桂错之间,该地区存在较高的强震危险性。     

长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中重金属的空间分布及沉积通量

长江每年输送大量的泥沙进入东海,其中细颗粒沉积物具有搬运距离远、扩散范围大的特点,成为示踪河口及近海沉积物源汇过程的良好载体。本文基于采自长江口及邻近海域的44个表层沉积物样品,分析了细颗粒组分中重金属的空间分布和沉积通量,探讨了重金属来源和搬运沉积过程。研究表明:长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中Cu、Cr、Ni、V和Zn含量、沉积通量的空间分布具有高度的相似性,总体表现为长江口及浙闽沿岸高,向外急剧降低;该区细颗粒沉积物中的重金属主要来自长江,入海后向两个方向扩散,其一为向西南方向扩散,沉积于内陆架泥质区;其二是向东的跨陆架输送,沉积于长江冲淡水影响的海域。从长江口向西南方向的输送和沉积是长江入海重金属最重要的汇。     

陕甘川邻接区滑脱挤出构造与金矿的关系

分析了陕甘川邻接区滑脱挤出构造与金矿床的空间关系、时间关系及其对地球化学元素活化迁移作用。认为陕甘川邻接区的大型、特大型金矿主要受第二和第一次级滑脱带控制，为该区金矿远景区的预测提供了构造依据。     

地球历史的地球化学节律

地球化学成分和其他地质现象一样，在地球发展过程中也表现出节律。文中选择大气中的ＣＯ２、海水中的δ３４Ｓ和８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ、地壳中的Ｋ／Ｎａ为代表，介绍了地球历史发展中的地球化学节律，同时还给出了区域构造演化中的地球化学演化节律的研究实例。在此基础上，对引起地球化学节律性变化的动力学机制进行了讨论，指出板块构造机制存在着时代的局限性，并提出了用“开”、“合”的思路去认识地球历史的地球化学节律性。     

Isotopic Geochronological Evidence for the Caledonian Xiongdian Eclogite in the Northwestern Dabie Mountains,China

A typical HP/MT (high pressure/medium temperature) eclogite from Xiongdian, northwestern Dabie Mountains, has been geochronologically studied using the single-zircon U-Pb, 40Ar-39Ar and Sm-Nd methods. Prismatic zircons occurring as inclusions within garnets define a minimum crystallization age of 399.5±1.6 Ma. 40Ar-39Ar dating on amphibole gives a plateau age.of 399.2 ± 4 Ma, which is interpreted as a retrogression age of amphibolite facies. This integrated study enables us to conclude that the age of high-pressure metamorphism is older than 399.5 ± 1.6 Ma, suggesting Caledonian collision between the North China and Yangtze plates. Round zircon within the aggregate of quartz and muscovite gives a concordant age of 301± 2 Ma, reflecting a later retrogression event. An age profile of post-eclogite metamorphism is documented, including amphibolite facies metamorphism at 399.2 Ma shortly after eclogitization and later retrogressive metamorphism at 301 Ma. Sm-Nd mineral isochron of garnet+omphacite gives     

断裂性质与流体包裹体组合特征

流体包裹体是构造热事件中流体的样品，并在断裂构造中得以大量保存，不同性质断裂具有不同的流体包裹体组合；不同深度的断裂有不同热流体组分参与构造活动，张性断裂流体包裹体数量多，粒径大，气液化变化范围大，常伴随出现沸腾包裹体群，压性断裂流体包裹体粒径小，具定向排列，深部以流体直大，ＣＯ２的大量出现为特色，韧性剪切带在深熔阶段以发育硅酸盐熔融包裹体和纯ＣＯ２流体包裹体为特色，包裹体数量少，均一温度高，脆性     

中国佛教地理研究史藉述评

本文回顾佛教地理的研究历史，评析佛教地理的研究成果，认为宗都是一个多层面的结构，至少可以划分为宗教理论，宗教实体，宗教信仰三个层面，包括佛教在内的宗教地理研究应该分别进行探讨，然后才能得出全面的结论。     

东大别山北缘姚河岩体与边部糜棱岩带的研究及其地质意义

位于东大别山北缘的姚河岩体是最近确定的中侏罗世石英二长岩体,角闪石４０Ａｒ ３９Ａｒ法定年为１５５．８Ｍａ,用角闪石压力计法得出结晶压力为（２．６５±０．５）×１０２ＭＰａ,结晶定位深度约９ｋｍ。岩体北缘发育的ＮＥ倾的糜棱岩带是磨子潭 晓天断裂韧性剪切的结果。对剪切带中宏观标志及显微、超显微构造研究表明,该断裂自中侏罗世之后主要表现为上盘向ＮＥ方向下滑的正断层,两盘垂直差异隆升达９ｋｍ。结合区域构造及深部资料分析显示,东大别造山带并不具有“翻花状”双侧造山链特点